Using donated brain tissue from older adults with and without cognitive decline, along with samples from cognitively healthy centenarians, the team uncovered distinct cellular programs and immune cell states linked to both disease progression and resistance. The findings, published in Nature Medicine, point to changes in microglia, the brain’s resident immune cells, as a potentially important focus for future Alzheimer’s treatments.

For decades, economists and policymakers have argued about the meaning of full employment. Those debates are getting more vigorous. Historic changes in labor force growth have resulted in a job count that is barely rising and a labor market that feels static, even stuck—a significant departure from the usual experience of full employment.